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List of Major Mountain Ranges of the World: Check the list of world’s major mountains along with highest peaks, location and natural resources being found there. Read this very useful informative general knowledge article for various competitive examinations like UPSC, SSC, Banks, NDA, CDS, and Railways etc. Also download mountains GK one-liner questions and answers. Following is the list of all major mountains ranges of world.

Continent-wise List of Highest Peaks

  • Mount Everest (8848 meters) is the highest peak of Asia continent and World, located in Nepal.
  • Mauna Kea (10000+ meters), located in Pacific Ocean, is the tallest mountain, if measure from the bottom of ocean floor to the peak point.
  • Mount Elbrus or Mont Blanc (4810 meters) is the highest peak of Europe continent, located in Russia.
  • Mount Kilimanjaro (5895 meters) is the highest mountain of Africa continent, located in Tanzania.
  • Mount McKinley or Denali (6168 meters) is the highest mountain of North American continent, located in Alaska, USA.
  • Mount Aconcagua (6960 meters) is the highest mountain of South American continent, located in Argentina.
  • Mount Kosciuszko (2228 meters) is the highest mountain of Australian continent, located in New South Wales, Australia.
  • Vinson Massif (4897 meters) is the highest mountain of Antarctic continent.

List of Major Mountains of The World

  1. The Himalayan Mountain Range

Himalayas or Himalaya is a mountain range in Asia. It is a young fold mountain of the tertiary period, which was folded over Tethys Sea due to the inter-continental collision. Overall, Himalaya is world’s highest, and homes 10 of 14 of the world’s highest peaks above 8000 meters. Himalayas further host 50 peaks over 7000 meters. Himalaya is spread between Indus and Brahmaputra gorges from west to east in an arc-shaped manner. It separates the plains of Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. Himalayas plays an important role in the determination of the climate of Indian Sub-continent. Read the following important points about Himalayas…

  • Length: 2500 kilometers across eight Asian countries
  • Countries: Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, India, Nepal, Myanmar, Pakistan, Tajikistan
  • Minerals: Cobalt, Nickel, Zinc, Copper, Antimony, and Bismuth
  • Highest Peaks: Mount Everest (8848 m)
  1. The Alps Mountain Range

Alps Mountain Range is the highest and most extensive mountain range system of Europe. Alps plays an important role in the determination of the climate of Europe. Read the following important points about Alps Mountains…

  • Length: 1200 kilometers across eight Alpine countries (from west to east)
  • Countries: France, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Liechtenstein, Austria, Germany, and Slovenia
  • Minerals: Copper, Gold, Iron-ore, Cinnabar, Amethyst, and Quartz
  • Highest Peak: Mont Blanc (4808.73 m)
  1. The Atlas Mountains Range

Atlas Mountains Range separates the Mediterranean and Atlantic coastlines from the Sahara Desert. It was formed during the Precambrian period. Atlas Mountains Range is inhabited by by Berber populations. The range can be divided into four general regions i.e., (a) Anti-Atlas, High Atlas and Middle Atlas spread across Morocco; (b) Tell Atlas spread across Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia; (c) Aurès Mountains spread across Algeria, Tunisia; (d) Saharan Atlas spread across Algeria. Read the following important points about Atlas Mountains…

  • Length: 2500 kilometers across three African countries
  • Countries: Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia
  • Minerals: Iron-ore, Lead-ore, Copper, Silver, Mercury, Rock salt, Phosphate, Marble, Anthracite coal, Natural gas
  • Highest Peak: Toubkal (4167 m)
  1. The Andes Mountain Range

Andes or Andean Mountain Range is the longest continental mountain range in the world. Andes separates the Atacama Desert from the rest continent of South America. This range is formed by a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The Andes can be divided into three general sections i.e., (a) Southern Andes spread across Argentina, Chile; (b) Central Andes spread across Peru, Bolivia; (c) Northern Andes spread across Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador. Read the following important points about Andes Mountains…

  • Length: 7000 kilometers across seven South-American countries
  • Countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
  • Minerals: Porphyry copper, Saltpeter (Potassium nitrate), Lithium, Silver
  • Highest Peak: Aconcagua (6961 m)
  1. The Rockies Mountain Range

Rocky Mountain Range is situated in western North America continent. It spread from the northernmost part of British Columbia (Canada) to New Mexico (United States). This mountain range is protected by public parks and forest lands and is a popular tourist destination. Read the following important points about Rocky Mountains…

  • Length: 4800 kilometers
  • Countries: Canada, United States of America
  • Minerals: Copper, Gold, Lead, Silver, Tungsten, Zinc, Coal, Natural gas, Oil shale, Petroleum, Molybdenum
  • Highest Peak: Mount Elbert (4401 m)
  1. The Mid-Ocean Ridge

The mid-ocean ridge system, having a length about 65000 kilometers, is the longest mountain range on Earth. This mountain range has several sections and spread through all continents of earth.

  1. The Kunlun Mountains

Kunlun is one of the longest mountain chains in Asia. It stretches along the Tarim Basin, and the Gobi Desert. Read the following important points about Kunlun Mountains…

  • Length: 3000+ kilometers
  • Countries: Tibet (China)
  • Highest Peak: Liushi Shan or Kunlun Goddess (7167 m)
  1. Ural Mountains

Ural mountain range runs from north to south through western Russia. It spread from the coast of Arctic Ocean to Ural River and northwestern Kazakhstan. Ural mountains are the part of conventional boundary between Europe and Asia. Read the following important points about Ural Mountains…

  • Length: 2500 kilometers
  • Countries: Russia, Kazakhstan
  • Minerals: Chalcopyrite, Nickel, Gold, Platinum, Chromite and magnetite ores, Coal, Bauxite, Talc, Oil, Natural gas, Potassium salts, Emerald, Amethyst, Aquamarine, Jasper, Rhodonite, Malachite, Diamond
  • Highest Peak: Mount Narodnaya (1894 m)
  1. Appalachian Mountains

Appalachians, lies in eastern North America continent, first formed around 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period. Read the following important points about Appalachian Mountains…

  • Length: 2400 kilometers
  • Countries: USA, Canada, France
  • Minerals: Coal, Petroleum, Iron, Zinc
  • Highest Peak: Mount Mitchell (6684 m)
  1. Altai Mountains

Altai is a mountain range in Central and East Asia, and confluence of four major countries i.e., China, Mongolia and Kazakhstan. Read the following important points about Altai Mountains…

  • Length: 2000 kilometers
  • Countries: Russia, China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan
  • Highest Peak: Mount Belukha (4506 m)
  1. Caucasus Mountains

Caucasus are a mountain system at the intersection of Europe and Asia continents lying between Black Sea and Caspian Sea. Read the following important points about Caucasus Mountains…

  • Length: 1200 kilometers
  • Countries: Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Turkey
  • Highest Peak: Mount Elbrus (5642 m)
  1. Arakan Mountains

Arakan, also known as Rakhine Mountains, are a mountain range in western Myanmar. It lying between the coast of Rakhine state and Central Myanmar Basin, in which Irrawaddy River flows. It runs parallel that arc through Assam, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram and Myanmar. Read the following important points about Arakan Mountains…

  • Length: 950 kilometers
  • Countries: Myanmar
  • Highest Peak: Mount Victoria (3094 m)
List of Important Peaks in Various Mountain Ranges
Global Rank Name of Peak Altitude (meters) Location Mountain Range
1 Mount Everest or Sagarmatha or Chomolungma 8848 Nepal/Tibet Mahalangur, Himalayas
2 K2 or Chhogori or Godwin Austen 8611 Baltistan/India Baltoro Karakoram, Himalayas
3 Kanchenjunga 8586 Nepal/India E.Nepal/India, Himalayas
4 Lhotse 8516 Nepal/Tibet Mahalangur, Himalayas
5 Makalu 8485 Nepal/Tibet Mahalangur, Himalayas
6 Cho Oyu 8188 Nepal/Tibet Mahalangur, Himalayas
Mount Elbert 4401.2 Colorado, USA Sawatch Range, Rocky Mountains
Mount Massive 4398 Colorado, USA Sawatch Range, Rocky Mountains
Mount Harvard 4395.6 Colorado, USA Sawatch Range, Rocky Mountains
Blanca Peak 4374 Colorado, USA Sangre de Cristo, Rocky Mountains
La Plata Peak 4372 Colorado, USA Sawatch Range, Rocky Mountains
Aconcagua 6961 Argentina Principal Cordillera, Andes Mountains
Ojos del Salado 6893 Argentina/Chile Puna de Atacama, Andes Mountains
Monte Pissis 6792 Argentina Puna de Atacama, Andes Mountains
Huascarán 6768 Peru Cordillera Blanca, Andes Mountains
Bonete 6759 Argentina Puna de Atacama, Andes Mountains
Toubkal 4167 Morocco, Africa High Atlas Range, Atlas Mountains
Mont Blanc 4810 Italy/France Range, Alps (Graian) Mountains
Monte Rosa 4634 Italy/Switzerland Range, Alps (Pennine) Mountains
Dom 4545 Switzerland Range, Alps (Pennine) Mountains
Weisshorn 4506 Switzerland Range, Alps (Pennine) Mountains
Matterhorn 4478 Italy/Switzerland Range, Alps (Pennine) Mountains
Some Important GK Quiz Relating to Mountain Ranges of World

Q.1: Which is the Oldest Mountain Range in The World?
Ans: According to the Guinness World Records, Barberton Greenstone Belt is the oldest mountains in the world. It is located in South Africa and thought to have originated nearly 3.5 billion years ago.

Q.2: Which is the Youngest Mountain Range in The World?
Ans: The Himalayas, formed around 50 million years ago, is considered as the youngest mountain range in world.

Q.3: Which is the Longest Mountain Range in The World?
Ans: Andes Mountain Range is the longest continental mountain range in the world. Situated in South American continent it has the length of more than 7000 kilometers.

Q.4: Which is the Shortest Mountain Range in The World?
Ans: Sutter Buttes, a small circular complex of eroded volcanic lava domes, is referred to as world’s shortest mountain range. It is a rough circle approximately 10 miles (16 km) from north to south and east to west. Formed about 1.6 million years ago, it has it’s the highest point at 650 meters only.

Q.5: Which is the Highest Mountain in The World?
Ans: Mount Everest is the world’s highest mountain. Located in Himalayas, it stands 8848 meters above sea level.

Q.6: Which is the Smallest Mountain in The World?
Ans: Mount Wycheproof is the world’s smallest registered mountain. Located in Terrick Terrick Range of Australia, it stands just 148 meters above sea level.

Q.7: Which is the Coldest Mountain in The World?
Ans: Denali, or Mount McKinley, is considered as the coldest mountain of world. It has recorded the lowest temperature around -73°C, in 1913.

What is a Mountain Range? Mountain Range can be defined as a sequential series of mountains or hills with similarity in form, structure and alignment. Generally, the hills of a mountain range have arisen from the same cause. The position of mountain range influences the climate of any region. Like, Himalayas act as a climate barrier by blocking extremely cold winds coming from Central and North Asia. Read the updated list of major mountains of world to enhance your general studies for the upcoming UPSC, SSC Examination. Continent-wise list of world’s major mountains. Name of highest peaks, location and natural resources. Mountain ranges General studies GK for SSC,UPSC,Railway,Bank exams.